What is the silk industry called?  The movement of silk industry

The silk industry is an agro-based cottage industry for the rural unemployed, especially women, laborers.  It is an industry with the potential to provide a large number of jobs.  The silk industry involves the cultivation of mulberry, the cultivation of silkworms on it, the production of cocoons and the production of yarn from cocoons, twisting of yarn, fabrication and processing of fabrics, etc.

  The silk industry gives farmers a complementary side to agriculture and yields more than other traditional crops.  At the same time, landless agricultural laborers, smallholder farmers, well-educated unemployed and women in rural areas have access to employment.  As the environment in the state is conducive to the silk industry and there is a lot of scope for the development of the silk industry, the government has undertaken a program for the overall development of the silk industry.  For this purpose, the Directorate of Silk has been established since September 1997 under the administrative control of the Department of Textiles and the responsibility of silk development lies with the Directorate.  

The following facilities are made available to the farmers through the operation of silk for the overall development of the silk industry.  :

 1.  Supply of mulberry cuttings and healthy eggs to the farmers

. 2. To provide regular free technical guidance to the farmers by imparting industry training.  To make available to the market the funds produced by the farmers.

  3.  4.  To provide financial assistance and technical guidance to the farmers from the government agencies related to the silk industry. 

 5.  To make available forest leases of Ain / Arjuna trees in Forest Department as well as Revenue Department.

Mission and vision  of the Directorate of Silk 

Mission 

  Development tools using the latest technology in parallel and ascending order of silk farming.  

* Large scale increase in mulberry cultivation area in the state. 

  Extensive promotion and publicity of silk farming industry.

  * To create employment by producing high quality cocoons and silk yarn. 

  Large scale production of high quality raw silk yarn. 

 Promotion of double breed silk production through quasi-government organization. 

 Vision 

 To reduce poverty by popularizing silk farming.  To make people self-sufficient at the local level by stopping the flow of people from villages to cities. 

 Stabilization of silk farming through private participation for sustainable silk farming.

  * Promotion of double breed silk cocoon production. 

Trying to be number one in the non-traditional silk producing states.

Cultivation and maintenance of mulberry

The success of the mulberry silk industry depends entirely on the acreage of mulberry produced per acre.  About 50% of the total cost of silkworm production is spent on mulberry cultivation and cultivation.  Increasing the production of mulberry leaves from mulberry cultivation can lead to higher egg rearing.  From this, the success of the silk industry depends on the production of mulberry per acre.  To achieve this, mulberry silk growers need to cultivate a variety of newly recommended varieties of mulberry to greatly increase mulberry production.  

Mulberry is suitable for cultivation in medium, heavy, light soils.  However, hill slopes and saline soils, which conserve water or do not drain, are unsuitable for mulberry cultivation.  This is because if mulberry cuttings are planted in such soil, the mulberry cuttings will lose their peat due to excessive moisture.  Mulberry should be planted in well drained soil.

  Since the roots of the mulberry tree go deep, the soil layer on which mulberry is to be planted should be at least 2 feet deep.  Although mulberry can be grown in any type of soil, it has been found that mulberry grows very fast in black loamy soils.  The soil pH should be 6.5 to 7 for mulberry growth.  For this, it is important for the farmers to inspect the soil in their fields before planting mulberry.  If so, reduce the alkalinity by using gypsum.

  (A) Climate 

Depending on the agro-climatic conditions of the State of Maharashtra, perennial mulberry production can be taken.  750 ml for mulberry cultivation.  I  To 1000 ml.  I  When cultivated in areas where rainfall is even throughout the year, mulberry gets a nutritious environment and increases the yield of seedlings.  Mulberry cultivation adapts to both cold and hot climates.  But the temperature of 250 to 300 is suitable for the growth of mulberry trees and in such climate mulberry leaves grow vigorously and good seedlings can be produced.

As mulberry is a year round leafy crop, it is very important to take proper care while planting.

  1) Mulberry should not be planted in roadside fields.  If such cultivation is done, the mulberry leaves will be damaged and the leaves will be unsuitable for insect rearing. 

 2) Care should be taken that tobacco and chilli should not be planted near the mulberry field or at least at a distance of 100 m from the mulberry orchard.

  3) In order for mulberry crop to produce continuously for 15 years, it is necessary for the farmers to plan the cultivation in the right place. 

 4) While preparing land for mulberry cultivation, plow 12 "to 15" inches (30 to 35 cm) deep with an iron plow.  When plowing the land, plow both vertically and horizontally.  So that the hardness of the land will go away and it will become loose and crumbly.  Plowing in the months of April and May is beneficial as it kills the pests in the soil and also reduces the amount of weeds.  Once again after 15 to 20 days, plow with a wooden plow once vertically and horizontally.  After plowing, 8-10 tons per acre of well decomposed manure or compost should be spread evenly in all the soil and then the soil can be prepared till June-July if tillage is prepared before May.

     

  In general, farmers in Maharashtra used to cultivate mulberry at a distance of 3 'x 3'.  However, since the branch system has been used in insect rearing as per the new revised method since 1998-99, mulberry cuttings are being planted at a distance of 5'43'x2 'feet for mulberry cultivation in Maharashtra through the Directorate of Silk.  The average number of mulberry trees in this method is 5500 per acre.  Therefore, the plants can grow properly and get a lot of leaves.

Benefits from Mulberry

1. Cultivation of Stripe Method This method greatly increases the number of trees. 

 2) In mulberry cultivation, the wind blows and all the plants get a lot of sunlight. 

 3) It was convenient for inter tillage.

  4) Weeds can be removed from the rows of mulberry trees by digging.  This will reduce the cost of weeding. 

 5) Diseases caused by fungus The incidence of brown and red spot on the leaves is reduced automatically.  

6) If farmers have shortage of water, watering in two sari saves water and cultivation can be done with less water.  

7) Beneficial for intercropping by tractor. 

 Preparation of mulberry seedlings

 Mulberry cultivation is done from mulberry seedlings.  For this, improved varieties like M-5, S-54, S36, V-1 should be used.  When preparing the seedlings, 10 to 12 mm of mulberry trees of 6 to 8 months of age are used.  Thick branches should be selected and the length of the stalk should be 6 to .8 inches.  It should have at least 3 to 4 eyes and when cutting it should be cut with a sharp scythe. 

Chemical treatment of mulberry seedlings 

 After mulberry cuttings, the following chemical treatment should be done on the mulberry seedlings to prevent damage to the seedlings by drying / scattering of soil.

  1) Soak the cuttings in 1% solution of thyme for 4 to 5 hours. 

 2) Dip mulberry seed in 1% solution of fungicide Bavistin Kapton for 4 to 5 hours.

  3) Apply Ruptex powder or Cordox powder on the underside of the mulberry tree for early rooting of the mulberry tree.

Intercropping

1 month after planting intercropped mulberry cuttings, weed / weed and remove grass / weeds  The grass in the garden does not get sunlight and due to heat generation, the leaves of mulberry cuttings turn yellow.  Therefore, weeding is a very important matter.

  Irrigation Facilities

 Planting during the months of July to November -Rain water benefits. However, due to erratic rainfall every year, mulberry cuttings are damaged.  Should take.  Water the cuttings at intervals of seven to eight days after planting.  Then from December to May after irrigating the soil at intervals of 10 to 12 days after seeing the copy of the soil.

Applying Fertilizer

It is important to apply chemical fertilizer for proper growth of mulberry. Mulberry roots sprout in 2 to 2.5 months after planting.  The first dose should be made after one and a half months by making 24 kg nitrogen ring per acre on the side of mulberry trees and after giving fertilizer, add soil on it.  So that the given fertilizer is not wasted.  The second dose should be given at the rate of 24 kg Palash Ring per acre twice in the first year after 3 to 4 months.

  Use of vermicompost for mulberry cultivation

 It is beneficial to use vermicompost in mulberry cultivated land.  Vermicompost decomposes soil leaves - Pachola decomposes earthworms, creates cavities for air circulation in the soil and enhances the functioning of soil micro-organisms.

1) Do not mix earthworm manure with chemical manure

.  2) Apply vermicompost to mulberry plants 1 month before using chemical fertilizer.

  3) If vermicompost is mixed with cow dung and compost manure, it gives good benefits. 

 4) If vermicompost is used, the amount of chemical fertilizer can be reduced.

  5) In the first year of new mulberry cultivation, use vermicompost in the month of December.